Elizabeth Fry
Elizabeth Fry was born on May 21st, 1780 in Norwick, Norfolk, England to an influential and wealthy Quaker family. When she was twelve, her mother died and she was responsible for her younger siblings. At age 18, she was deeply moved by an American Quaker and instantly took an interest in the poor, the sick and prisoners.
She visited New Gate Prison, where the conditions she saw horrified her. The women’s section was overcrowded with women and children, some of whom had not even received a trial. They slept on the floor and did their own cooking and washing in the small cells in which they slept. She returned the following day with food and clothes for some of the prisoners.
In 1816, she founded a prison school for the children who were imprisoned with their parents. She began a system of supervision, and required the women to sew and read the bible. In 1817, she helped found the Association for the Improvement of the Female Prisoners in New Gate (The First Elizabeth Fry Society). Her brother in law, an elected Member of Parliament, promoted her work among his fellow MP’s.
She eventually gave evidence to the House of Commons on the conditions prevalent in British prisons, thus becoming the first woman to speak in British House of Parliament. Fry and her brother took up the cause of abolishing capital punishment. They persuaded Sir Robert Peel to introduce a series of prison reforms. Elizabeth and her brother went on a tour of prisons in Great Britain. Among her many accomplishments, were the establishment of a homeless shelter in London and a training school for nurses. Elizabeth Fry became well known in society, some people even criticized her for having such an influential role as a woman, and other alleged she was neglecting her duties as a wife and mother in order to conduct humanitarian work. One of her admirers was Queen Victoria, who granted her an audience several times, and donated money to her causes.
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